理解人类简史的自然维度——恩格斯《自然辩证法》“劳动在从猿到人的转变中的作用”一节解读

Understanding the Human History from the perspective of Natural History: Analysis of The Role of Labor in the Transition from Ape to Man

恩格斯在《劳动在从猿到人的转变中的作用》中从大历史的视角阐释了社会史与自然史的辩证发展关系。人是自然界进化发展的产物,劳动将人从自然界提升出来。自然界是人类社会发展进步的前提条件,没有自然界,劳动就什么都不能创造。人类违背自然规律征服自然的严重后果就是导致自然的报复,使人类社会的可持续发展面临日趋强化的自然制约。只有建立社会主义和共产主义社会,人类才能实现同自然的和解以及人类本身的和解,人类社会才能从必然王国走向自由王国。牢固树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念,是重读恩格斯这篇经典文献的现代启示。

Engels explained the dialectical relationship between social history and natural history in The Role of Labor in the Transformation from Ape to Man.Man was the product of the evolution and development of nature.Labor upgraded man from nature.Nature is the prerequisite for the development and progress of human society.Without nature,labor can create nothing.The serious consequence of human being’s violation of natural law and conquest of nature is that it leads to natural revenge,and makes the sustainable development of human society face increasingly intensified natural constraints.Only by establishing Socialist and Communist societies can human beings achieve reconciliation with nature and with human beings themselves,and human societies can leap from the realm of necessity to the realm of freedom.It is a modern inspiration to reread the classic literature to firmly establish the concept of respecting nature,conforming nature and protecting nature.