马克思恩格斯对私有制的批判及其当代价值

Marx and Engels’ Critiques of Private Ownership and Their Contemporary Connotations

马克思恩格斯对私有制批判的总体性方法是将辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义基本原理内化为批判的武器,具体体现为用唯物史观和剩余价值理论来剖析资本主义生产方式,在现实的生产活动和生产关系中把握私有制这一特殊的研究对象。马克思恩格斯深入资本主义商品生产,把人—社会—自然看作是有机统一体,对置身于资本主义私有制之下的异化现象进行层层剖析直至本质。资本主义私有制是人、社会、自然遭遇现代性困境的根本原因,其退场具有历史必然性。马克思恩格斯对私有制批判的当代价值,在于揭示人类社会发展规律,发展和壮大公有制经济,推进全体人民共同富裕取得实质性进展,将人、社会、自然从异化状态中解放出来,彻底摆脱私有制的束缚,走向真正的自由人的联合体,实现人的自由全面发展。

The overall method of Marx and Engels’critiques of private ownership is to internalize the basic principles of dialectical materialism and historical materialism as a weapon,embodied in the use of historical materialism and surplus value theory to analyze the capitalist mode of production,and grasp the special research object of private ownership in actual production activities and production relations.Marx and Engels went deep into capitalist commodity production,they regarded men,society and nature as an organic unity,and analyzed the alienation phenomenon under capitalist private ownership by essence.The contemporary connotations of Marx and Engels’criticism of private ownership lie in revealing the laws of social development,developing and expanding the public ownership economy,promoting common prosperity,making substantial progress,liberating people,society,and nature from alienation,and in sum,to completely get rid of the shackles of private ownership,build a union of human kind within which completely freedom and comprehensive development are realized.