矿用防爆电动胶轮车电液复合制动平顺性优化

Optimization of smoothness for electro-hydraulic composite braking of mining explosion-proof electric rubber-tired vehicle

为了更好的发挥电机制动的工作效果与节能作用,减少液压制动器投入次数与制动强度,提高矿用防爆锂离子蓄电池无轨胶轮车长距离下坡制动安全性,对电动车辆在电机制动系统设计时通常采用的三种制动策略(松油门制动、独立电制动踏板和电液复合制动)的优缺点进行了分析论述。介绍了机械液压制动和电机制动存在的问题,分析了煤矿车辆上使用的液压湿式制动器和电机制动在响应速度上的区别。最后通过对某型防爆电动车辆液压湿式制动器力矩测试、制动踏板开度与压力测试,提出了一种针对电液复合制动踏板电机制动强度曲线的标定办法,利用电机制动扭矩补偿具有迟滞性的和响应慢的液压制动系统,实现电机制动与液压制动平稳过渡和耦合,能够提高电液复合制动的平顺性。

In order to better utilize the working effect and energy-saving effect of motor braking,reduce the number of hydraulic brake inputs and braking intensity,and improve the safety of long-distance downhill braking in mines,we analyze and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of three commonly used braking strategies for electric vehicles in the design of motor braking systems(loose throttle braking,independent electric brake pedal,and electro-hydraulic composite braking),introduce the problems in mechanical hydraulic braking and motor braking,and analyze the differences in response speed between hydraulic wet brakes and motor brakes on coal mining vehicles.Torque testing,brake pedal opening and pressure testing on a certain type of explosionproof electric vehicle's hydraulic wet brake is conducted,and a calibration method for the braking strength curve of the electric hydraulic composite brake pedal motor is proposed,which utilizes the motor braking torque compensation to compensate for the hysteresis and slow response of the hydraulic braking system,achieving a smooth transition and coupling between electric and hydraulic braking,thus to improve the smoothness of the electro-hydraulic composite braking.