安家岭露天矿卡车运输环节粉尘监测及运移规律研究

Dust monitoring and migration law of truck transportation in Anjialing Open-pit Mine

露天煤矿属于半开放空间,在煤矿开采中会产生大量粉尘,运输环节为线尘源,持续时间长,产尘贡献大。为了研究露天矿卡车运输粉尘运移规律,以安家岭露天矿为研究对象,采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场监测等方法,分析安家岭露天矿运输环节粉尘浓度变化规律并提出降尘建议。结果表明,运输环节粉尘浓度在大部分时段未超过国家相关标准,卡车行驶引发扬尘污染区域集中在轮胎与地面接触位置。卡车前轮和后轮的间隙处易产生粉尘积聚,该区域浓度最高为4.9mg/m^(3),粉尘浓度在卡车尾部3m高度处浓度最高为1.62mg/m^(3),距卡车尾部20m位置7m高度处粉尘浓度为1.28ug/m^(3)达到极限扩散浓度。研究结果可指导矿山针对运输环节粉尘积聚位置,扩散区域范围强化洒水措施,有效降低运输环节粉尘的扩散。

Open-pit coal mine is semi-open space,which will produce a lot of dust in coal mining.The transportation is line dust source type,which has the characteristics of long duration and large contribution of dust production.Anjialing open-pit mine is taken as the research background to study the dust migration law of truck transportation.The variation law of dust concentration in transportation is studied using theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and field monitoring,and dust removal suggestions are put forward.The results show that the dust concentration in the transportation does not exceed the national standards in most of the time,and the dust pollution area caused by truck driving is concentrated in the contact position between tires and the ground.Dust accumulation tends to occur at the gap between the front and rear wheels of the truck.The highest concentration in this area is 4.9 mg/m^(3).At the tail of the truck,the highest concentration of dust is 1.62 mg/m^(3)at the height of 3 m.And the maximum diffusion concentration is 1.28μg/m^(3)at the height of 7 m,20 m away from the tail of the truck.The research results can put forward targeted dust control measures for dust accumulation locations and diffusion areas in transportation to achieve effective dust control.