矿用锚杆托板动静载力学特性试验研究

Experimental study on dynamic and static load mechanical characteristics of mine bolt support plate

针对蒙陕深部矿井巷道锚杆托板动载失效问题,在实验室搭建了锚杆托板落锤冲击试验台,选取了蒙陕深部矿井3种常用的锚杆托板,采用伺服压力试验机和落锤冲击试验机开展了托板的静动载力学性能测试,研究了3种托板的静载和动载力学特性。研究结果发现:托板的拱高和厚度会显著影响其静态和动态力学特性,拱高和厚度大的托板静载承载能力和抗冲击能力较高。静载作用下,A、B和C托板承载力分别为212kN、231kN和276kN,变形量分别为14mm、13.9mm和12mm,C托板承载能力高,主要以拱高降低为主,四角翘起不明显;冲击能量作用下,托板的冲击力峰值略高于静载承载力,承载力高的托板抗冲击能力强,受到冲击能量作用后,托板以结构变形为主,冲击力峰值变化不大,而承载力低的托板由于拱部结构坍塌,高冲击能量下托板冲击力急剧增加。

Aiming at the problem of dynamic load failure of bolt support plate in deep mine roadway in Mongolia and Shaanxi,a drop hammer impact test-bed of bolt support plate is built in the laboratory,three kinds of commonly used bolt support plates in deep mine in Mongolia and Shaanxi are selected,the static and dynamic load mechanical properties are tested by servo pressure test machine and drop hammer impact test machine,and the static and dynamic load mechanical properties of three kinds of support plates are studied.The results show that the structure and thickness of the supporting plate significantly affect its static and dynamic mechanical properties.The supporting plate with reasonable structure and large thickness has higher static load-bearing capacity and impact resistance.Under static load,the bearing capacity of A,B and C supporting plates are 212 kN,231 kN and 276 kN respectively,and the deformation is 14 mm,13.9 mm and 12 mm,respectively.The bearing capacity of C supporting plate is high,mainly due to the reduction of arch height,and the four corners are not obvious;under the action of impact energy,the peak value of the impact force of the supporting plate is slightly higher than the static load bearing capacity.The supporting plate with high bearing capacity has strong impact resistance.After being affected by the impact energy,the supporting plate is dominated by structural deformation,and the peak value of the impact force changes little,while the supporting plate with low bearing capacity has a sharp increase in the impact force of the supporting plate under high impact energy due to the collapse of the arch structure.