不同恢复年限及植被模式对矿区复垦土壤的影响研究

Influence of different recovery periods and vegetation models on reclaimed soil in mining areas

采用土壤质量指数和法评价模型对准能矿区不同恢复年限和不同植被模式下的复垦土壤质量进行评价,研究适合准能露天煤矿土壤的复垦模式。结果表明:在复垦初期可以栽植草本植物,用来提高土壤养分;露天矿损坏土壤质量随着复垦年限的增加而逐渐恢复,甚至部分植被配置模式样地的土壤质量可以超过未损害土壤质量。樟子松和杏树纯林样地土壤质量恢复较好,是准能矿区较优的植被复垦模式,"樟子松+杨树"混交林样地土壤质量恢复较差,不建议在矿区推广使用。

The evaluation model of soil quality index sum method is used to evaluate the reclaimed soil quality under different restoration periods and vegetation patterns,thus to explore the suitable soil reclaiming pattern for open-pit coal mines of Zhungeer Energy Company.The results show that herbaceous plants can be planted in the early stage of reclamation to improve soil nutrients;the quality of damaged soil in open-pit mines gradually recovers with the increase of the reclamation period,and even the soil quality of some vegetation configuration model plots can exceed the undamaged soil quality.The soil quality of the sample plots of Pinus sylvestris and apricot trees has been restored well,which is a better vegetation reclamation mode for Zhuneng mining area.The soil quality of the sample plots of the"mongolic pine+poplar"mixed forest is poor.It is not recommended to be in the mining area.Promote use.