历史唯物主义视域下数字资本主义的审美治理批判

Critique of Aesthetic Governance of Digital Capitalism from the Perspective of Historical Materialism

随着大数据对社会的全面掌控,当代资本主义以数字化的审美治理对人们进行感性操控,使个人受消费主义逻辑的控制却不自知。数字化“平滑美学”使个人沉浸在虚假的自我认同中,导致共同体陷入危机。在历史唯物主义视域中,审美异化的根源是“美学权力”资本化,资本的“恶无限”导向了一种“坏崇高”。通过社会革命解除生产力的资产阶级限制,不仅具有经济和政治的意义,也是对资本“美学权力”社会性重构。尽管资本主义生产使得某些形式的艺术之美失去了它的现实基础,使其只能永远作为历史上的不可企及的范本而存在,但在社会中为生产出人的存在之美开辟了道路。在社会主义和共产主义阶段,感性解放和人的多方面潜能的发挥,表明生产力和美学权力获得了内在统一性。

With the comprehensive penetration of big data into society,contemporary capitalism uses digital aesthetic governance to perceptually manipulate people,making individuals subject to the logic of consumerism without realizing it.Digital“smooth aesthetics”immerse individuals in false self-identification,and as a result,the community is in crisis.In the perspective of historical materialism,the root of aesthetic alienation is the capitalization of“aesthetic power”,and the“evil infinity”of capital leads to a“bad sublime”.To remove the bourgeois restrictions of the productive forces through social revolution not only has economic and political significance,but also represents a social reconstruction of the“aesthetic power”of capital.Although capitalist production causes certain forms of artistic beauty to lose their realistic basis and making it only exist as an unattainable model in history forever,it opens the way to producing the beauty of human existence in society.In socialism and communism,perceptual liberation and the development of diverse potential of people mean that productivity and aesthetic power acquire an intrinsic unity.