人民城市理念下的“参与式”剧场美学实践——公共空间治理的一种方案

Aesthetic Practice of Participatory Theater under the Philosophy of“A City for the People”——A Scheme for Public Space Governance

近十年间我国剧场探索与城市公共空间治理愈来愈紧密地结合起来。一方面,城市发展理念的革新推进了城市剧场群的集聚效应,孕育了具有剧场美学特性的城市文化空间实践。剧场在内涵与外延上获得极大扩展。参与式剧场越出固定的表演场所,扩展至社区广场、工业旧址、历史建筑等公共空间,构成城市空间实践的有机部分。另一方面,参与式剧场实践重塑了在城市规划秩序中的“表演性”美学范畴,为探究人民参与治理的多元城市体验提供一种美学方案,从而在历史记忆与遗产活化、城市归属与主体参与等层面,丰富了城市治理现代化的实践与理论内涵。本文立足人民城市理念,联系上海市的空间治理经验,从审美历史空间、审美主客体、审美交往等议题入手,考察参与式剧场的美学方案对建构城市共同体的价值意义,探讨激发人民情感归属与文化认同的城市公共空间治理方案。

In recent ten years,the governance of urban public space and theater exploration in China have been more and more closely combined.On the one hand,the conceptual innovation of urban development promotes the agglomeration effect of urban theater groups,and breeds the exploration of urban cultural space with the aesthetic characteristics of theater.The connotation and extension of theater have been greatly expanded.Participatory theater extends beyond fixed performance sites to the community squares,old industrial sites,historic buildings and other public spaces,constituting an organic part of urban space practice.On the other hand,participatory theater practice has reshaped the“performative”aesthetic category in urban planning order,providing an aesthetic solution for exploring the diverse urban experiences of people’s participation in governance.This enriches the practical and theoretical connotations of urban governance modernization at the levels of historical memory and heritage activation,urban ownership and subject participation.Based on the philosophy of“A City for the People”and Shanghai’s experience in space governance,this article examines the value and significance of the aesthetic scheme of participatory theatre to the construction of urban community.It develops from the issues of aesthetic historical space,aesthetic subject-object,and aesthetic communication,so as to discuss the scheme of public space governance that inspires people’s emotional belonging and cultural identity.