艺术—历史哲学的形而上学——论卢卡奇的《海德堡艺术哲学》手稿

Metaphysics of Art-Historical Philosophy——on Lukács’Heidelberger Philosophic der Kunst

卢卡奇在《海德堡艺术哲学》手稿中,提出真正的艺术哲学必定是一种兼具时代性与非时代性、特殊性与永恒性的历史哲学形而上学,这一思想为他这一时期的美学体系建构提供了具有认识论意义的本体论立场。卢卡奇基于对艺术哲学的思考,将整个世界分为三部分:经验主体(Subjekt)、经验(Erlebnis)、经验现实(Erlebniswirklichkeit),分别对应主观世界、间隔(Abstand)、客观世界。其中,间隔无法消除,也不能消除,它构成了艺术设计、作品塑造的基础,也成为审美活动与交流得以实现的中介。这一思想不仅突显出《海德堡艺术哲学》的创建性,也成为卢卡奇理论生涯的核心。

Lukács believes,that the authentic philosophy of art must be a kind of metaphysics of historical philosophy with both temporality and timelessness,particularity and eternity.Lukács divides the whole world into three parts based on philosophy of art in Heidelberger Philosophic der Kunst:experiential subject(Subjekt),experience(Erlebnis)and experiential reality(Erlebniswirklichkeit),which respectively correspond to the subjective world,interval(Abstand)and objective world.Among them,interval is unable to be eliminated,nor can it be eliminated,and it forms the basis of artistic design and creation.This thought has not only highlighted the creativeness of his theory in Heidelberger Philosophic der Kunst,but also become the core of his theoretical life.