朗西埃的“3W”艺术史

"3W" Art History of Jacques Rancière

法国当代哲学家和美学家雅克·朗西埃的《美感论——艺术审美体制的世纪场景》,以对1764—1941年间艺术史家一般并不关注的14幕场景的分析,构建了西方现代艺术的另类历史。对此学界一般称之为“3W艺术史”。这部艺术史阐述了他关于西方现代艺术产生发展的根源(什么,what)、途径(如何,how)、目标(为何,why)的理解。他认为,美学体制(审美体制)使得西方艺术由古典艺术转向现代艺术,美学体制(审美体制)通过“感性分割”使得西方艺术重新架构了时间和空间,打破了古典艺术再现体制的等级制度,塑造了人民这个新主体,创建了平等、自由、民主的新历史空间。这部艺术史在这些审美体制的场景中揭示了审美革命蕴含着后续的社会革命的政治性质。这部艺术史启示我们:应该关注宏观视野之外的微观场景,提倡现代艺术的世俗化,扬弃现代主义美学的自律形式而走向日常生活,实现平等、自由、民主等美学体制(审美体制)预设的政治性。

In the book of"Aisthesis:Scenes from the Aesthetic Regime of Art",French contemporary philosopher and aesthetician Jacques Ranciere focuses on the analysis of 14 acts of Western art from 1764 to 1941,which art historians did not pay attention to,and constructs an alternative history of Western modern art.And we call it“the art history of 3W”.This history of art expounds its origin(what),trajectory(how),goal(why)in the development of Western modern art:this aesthetic regime drives Western art’s transition from classical art to modern art and,through"perceptual divide",it restructured the time and space of Western art,disrupted the reproduction of the hierarchy in classical art,shaped the people as the new subject,and created a new historical space of equality,freedom and democracy.This art history reveals the political nature of the subsequent social revolution in the scene of these aesthetic regimes.This art history reminds us that we should pay attention to the micro scene outside the macro vision,advocate the secularization of modern art,abandon the self-discipline form of modernist aesthetics and turn to daily life.Also,we must realize the presupposed political nature of the aesthetic regime using terms such as equality,freedom and democracy.