共同体视域下论人性的异化与邪恶——威廉斯和伊格尔顿悲剧理论的启示

On Alienation and the Evil of Human Nature from the Perspective of Community:A Case Study of Williams’s and Eagleton’s Tragic Theory

在21世纪,随着全球化之后民族和国家矛盾的升级以及后现代主义幻象导致的社会分裂和人性迷失,人性异化和邪恶问题更加突显出来。威廉斯和伊格尔顿悲剧理论对异化和邪恶的关注与探讨在解决当代社会和人性危机中具有极大的现实价值。本文旨在阐释威廉斯和伊格尔顿对马克思异化扬弃的继承与发展,剖析他们对导致现代性异化和邪恶具体因素的论证,从中找到应对当代人性和社会危机的方法,以期为重塑当代共同体意识提供启示。

In the 21 st century,along with the intensification of national contradictions in the process of globalization,postmodern social division and the loss of human nature,the alienation and evil of human nature became more prominent.Williams’s and Eagleton’s tragic theory weas concerned with this issue,and has great practical value in understanding such crises.The aim of this article is to explain how Williams and Eagleton inherit and develop Marxist theory of alienation,explore their demonstration of specific discussions of alienation and evil,and find possibilities of dealing with the contemporary human nature and social crises.It will then point out their inspiration in reshaping the consciousness of community.