习惯在婚约财产纠纷领域的司法适用——以《民法典》第10条为视角

Judicial Application of Customary in Field of Marital Property Disputes——Take Article 10 of the Civil Code of the Peoples Republic of China As a Perspective

《民法典》第10条明确规定习惯为我国民法的法源。以117份裁判文书为对象,归纳了司法实践中审理婚约财产纠纷时适用习惯的四重维度,即作为事实认定依据的习惯、被优先适用的习惯、被解释的习惯、作为利益衡量因素的习惯。在此过程中,存在司法对习惯缺乏有效解释以及习惯与制定法的司法适用结果相冲突等问题。应先从真实性、合法性、与案件的最密切联系性维度发现习惯,再对习惯进行解释,同时化解习惯与制定法适用结果的冲突。

Article 10 of the Civil Code of the Peoples Republic of China clearly stipulates that customary is the legal source of Chinas civil law.Taking 117 judgment documents as the object,this paper summarizes four dimensions of customary application in judicial practice when trying marital property disputes,that is,the customary on which the facts are based,the customary applied in priority,the customary being explained,and the customary used as a measure of interests.In this process,there are problems such as the lack of effective judicial interpretation of custom and the conflict between customary and the judicial application of statutory law.It is recommended to firstly discover the customary from the dimensions of authenticity,legality,and the closest connection with the case,and then to improve the path of the interpretation of customary and how to resolve the conflict between the customary and the application result of the statutory law.