司法裁决中的政策考量——以后果主义为分析视角

Policy Considerations in Judicial Decisions——Consequentialism as an Analytical Perspective

公共政策是现代社会治理的重要工具,政策考量是司法裁判沟通法律系统与政治系统的重要方式。本体论意义上的政策是独立于法律之外的规范性文件,在司法裁判中作为补充法源而存在,其适用是为了实现法律所促进的社会目标;而方法论意义上的政策则是后果导向的法律适用方式。政策通过显性适用、隐性适用和衡平适用等方式进入到司法判决之中,有利于司法裁决的深度证成,实现法律效果与社会效果的统一。基于司法的政治功能,在司法决策中进行政策考量具有正当性,但必须明确政策考量的界限,防止法律沦为政治的工具。

Public policy is an important tool for modern social governance,and policy considerations are a crucial approach for judicial decisions to communicate between the legal system and the political system.Policy in the ontological context is a regulatory document independent of law,existing as a complementary source of law in judicial decisions and applied to achieve the social goals promoted by law,while policy in the methodological context is a consequence-oriented way of applying law.Policy enters into judicial decisions through explicit application,implicit application and equitable application,which is conducive to the in-depth evidence of judicial decisions and achieve the unity of legal and social effects.Based on the political function of justice,policy consideration in judicial decision-making is justifiable,but the limits of policy consideration must be clearly defined to prevent the law from becoming a tool of politics.