国际习惯法的概念重构——基于“法律递归”技术模型的实证研究

Conceptual reconstruction of international customary Law——an empirical study based on the technical model of"legal recursion"

国际习惯法被视为国际法渊源之谜,1945年的《国际法院规约》确立了国际习惯法的构成要素——“国家实践”和“法律确信”,但在理论和实践层面一直存在争议;从理论上讲,学者们主张“法律确信”可以被“国家实践”要素所吸收,对其是否是国际习惯法的构成要素之一存在质疑;从实践上讲,国际法院的判决也仅考虑“国家实践”要素或选用其他的标准来判定。基于此,国际习惯法概念重建的必要性研究应得到重视。从社会科学角度,通过实证研究方法,利用“法律递归”模型,对国际习惯法提出更符合逻辑和经验的解释,重构国际习惯法理论体系,以推动国际法领域向前发展。

Customary international law is regarded as the mystery of the origin of international law.The statute of the International Court of Justice in 1945 established the elements of customary international law--"state practice"and"opinio juris",but there are always disputes in theory and practice.Theoretically,scholars hold that"opinio juris"can be absorbed by"state practice"elements,and doubt whether it is one of the constituent elements of international customary law.In practice,ICG judgments also take into account only the"state practice"element or choose other criteria.Based on this,the research on the necessity of the reconstruction of the concept of customary international law should be paid attention to.From the perspective of social science,this paper puts forward a more logical and empirical explanation of international customary law and reconstructs the theoretical system of international customary law by means of empirical research and"legal recursion"model,so as to promote the development of international law field.