民间借贷案件审理中电子数据认定的概要分析——以2017—2019年353份裁判文书为样本

On the judicial determination of electronic data in the trial of private loan disputes——This paper analyzes 353 judicial documents from 2017 to 2019

电子数据已经成为民间借贷纠纷案件中常见的证据。在民间借贷中,不少当事人之间借贷活动没有签署合同或者借条,但会以支付宝转账、微信转账等方式来提供借款。民间借贷纠纷案件发生的经济性和传统社会生活方式的叠加,使得各地法院审判也有差异,表现为对电子数据认定标准、采信情况有出入。需要法官在审理时,凭借经验、结合当地的社会经济生活实际,特别是社会运行规则和生活常识,运用法学理论和司法技能,进行合理的逻辑推理。在民间借贷纠纷案件审理中,要正视电子数据的证据作用;推广民间借贷公证,目前还不可行;不能因为被告不出庭,就简单地判决被告败诉;有些简单明了的案件,孤证也是可以定案的。

electronic data has become a common evidence in private loan disputes.By searching China judicial documents website,353 first instance judgments of electronic data in private lending cases from 2017 to 2019 are selected.It can be seen that the electronic data problem of private lending is folk.In private lending,many lending activities have not signed contracts or note,but will provide loans by way of Alipay transfers and WeChat transfers.Because of the superposition of the economic factors and the personal relationship of the parties,the courts in different regions have different judgments,which shows that the standards of electronic data identification and the rules of admissibility are inconsistent.This requires the judge to use legal theory and judicial skills to carry out reasonable logical reasoning based on experience,local social and economic reality,especially social operation rules and common sense.In the trial of private loan dispute cases,we should face up to the proof ability of electronic data in private lending cases:at present,it is not feasible to popularize credit notarization:we can not simply judge the defendant to lose because the defendant does not appear in court;some simple and clear cases can also be decided by solitary evidence.