基层法官参与社会治理的三重叙事——以“援引民间规范的基层司法裁判文书”为线索

Triple Narration of Grass-roots Judges Participating in Social Governance——Taking the"Grass-roots Judicial Judgments which Cite the Folk Norms"as A Clue

基层社会纠纷的复杂性以及基层司法的二元属性决定了基层法官在司法裁判中需要回应民众的司法诉求。基层法官通过援引俗语等民间规范,能够使司法裁判更好地贴合民众的实质正义诉求,从而实现基层司法的服务性定位。为了应对回应性叙事所带来的加剧司法定位的模糊性、削弱司法裁判的终局性以及引发“司法裁判”和“民众诉求”双重非法治化等的困境,基层法官应当将对民间规范的运用限定在充盈法律的内涵、弥补法律的空缺、保障案件事实认定的准确性等外部证成之中,从而明确司法裁判“依法司法”的属性。为了缓解自治空转造成的涌入法院的纠纷日益增多以及德治式微造成的纠纷越来越难以化解的困境,基层法官还需要通过援引民间规范在向社会输出正确价值理念的同时,积极引导民众运用多元化的纠纷解决方式化解矛盾,从而发挥基层司法在推动提升基层社会自治和德治水平中的作用。

The complexity of grass-roots social disputes and the dual nature of grassroots justice determine the necessity for grass-roots judges to respond to people’s judicial demands in judgment documents.To make the judicial judgments meet people’s substantive justice demands properly and realize the service orientation of the grass-roots justice,Grass-roots judges will invoke folk norms such as proverbs in judgment documents.Responsive justice exacerbates the ambiguity of justice,weakens the finality of judicial judgments,and triggers the illegal dilemma between"judicial response"and"social demands",in order to alleviate the dilemma,grass-roots judges should limit the application of folk norms to external justifications such as filling the connotation of the law,making up for the vacancy of the law,and ensuring the accuracy of the fact determination of the case,so as to clarify the judicial function of making sentences according to law.In order to alleviate the dilemma that large numbers of disputes caused by the idle autonomy are pouring into courts,and the disputes caused by the lack of the rule of virtue are becoming more difficult to resolve,grass-roots judges will also use folk norms to export the correct values to the society and to lead the public to use multiplex dispute resolve system to defuse contradictions,thereby giving play to the role of grass-roots justice in promoting the influence of autonomy and the rule of virtue in grass-roots social.