2020年美国大选与美国的“百年变局”

The 2020 Presidential Election and Profound Changes Unseen in a Century for the U.S.

2020年美国大选是美国历史上极为特殊的一场选举,受到新冠肺炎全球大流行的冲击,这场选举的核心议题、社会情绪、投票程序等受到全方位影响,也对大选结果产生了关键影响。这场疫情不仅重创了美国政治经济,也深刻影响了美国的安全观念,使非传统安全治理问题成为美国关注的焦点。同时,这是美国政治—社会严重撕裂状态下的一场选举,是"特朗普主义"同"奥巴马主义"的又一次对决,美国上下、左右、种族矛盾同步激化,国家发展方向走到了一个战略"十字路口",这场选举并没有缓解美国社会的"百年裂变",反而使"两个美国"的对抗愈演愈烈,加剧了本土恐怖主义和社会混乱。这还是世界"百年变局"之下的一场关键选举,特朗普对美国第二次世界大战以来的传统外交政策、国际秩序、国际体系造成严重破坏,"美国优先"和"美国领导"的路线之争也牵动世界政治经济格局的演进,"美国反对美国"给拜登政府带来一系列施政困境,也给美国外交政策带来多重战略影响,对美国大战略的演进具有历史分水岭的意义。

The 2020 presidential election was extremely special among elections in the United States history.Struck by Covic-19 epidemic,which was unseen for a century,the core issues,social sentiments and voting procedures of the election have been comprehensively influenced,and so the outcome of the election.The epidemic not only had made the U.S.economy suffered,but also profoundly influenced the recognition of security of the United States,which made governance of non-traditional security issues salient for this country.Meanwhile,it is noteworthy that the 2020 presidential election had developed under highly disruptive societal-political circumstance;it represented another fight between the Trumpism and the Obama Doctrine.The conflicts between the upper class and the lower class,the left wing and the right wing,the black and the white have spontaneously intensified;the United States faced strategic crossroads about the way forward for its own development.The 2020 presidential election had not mitigate the breakdown in U.S.society which was unseen for more than a century,otherwise,it had made the confrontation between"Two Americas"more drastic,intensified domestic terrorism and social turbulence.What’s more,it was an election developed under various profound changes unseen in a century:the governance of Donald Trump caused profound damages of U.S.foreign policy as well as the world order and international system in post-war era.The fight between"America First"and"American Leadership"also exerts influence on the evolution of world politics and economy."America against America"has made the Biden administration struck in a series of political predicaments and strategically influenced its foreign policy,which become a watershed factor to the evolution of America’s grand strategy.