中美在多边贸易体制改革中的合作与竞争

China-U.S.Cooperation and Competition in the Reform of Multilateral Trading System

特朗普执政以来,美国贸易保护主义、经济民粹主义显著升温,单方面挑起对华贸易摩擦,导致中美经贸关系处于40年来最难掌控的十字路口。两国旧有经济关系已破局,新的互动尚在形成之中。中美合作与竞争不仅聚焦双边经济领域,也寓于多边国际规则重塑、贸易体制改革进程之中。当前,世界贸易组织既面临前所未有的生存危机,又蕴含着改革机遇。中美关于改革的具体问题分歧凸显、利益碰撞不断加剧,规则与秩序之争趋白热化。但同时,两国均认为世界贸易组织改革势在必行。若中美化解双边分歧或可助力世界贸易组织改革与多边合作,实现多赢结果。

Since Donald trump took office,U.S.trade protectionism and economic populism have increased significantly.He unilaterally provoked trade frictions with China,forcing the China-U.S.economic and trade relations stand at the most difficult crossroads in the past 40 years.The old economic relationship between the two countries has been broken down and a new one is still taking shape.China-U.S.cooperation and competition not only focus on the bilateral economic field,but also lie in the process of reshaping multilateral international rules and reforming the trade system.At present,WTO is both facing an unprecedented survival crisis and reform opportunities.Differences between China and the United States on specific issues of reform are prominent,conflicts of interests are growing,and the competition of rules and order is becoming increasingly heated.But at the same time,both countries believe that WTO reform is imperative.If China and the United States resolve their bilateral differences,they can contribute to WTO reform and multilateral cooperation and achieve an all-win result.