个人信息保护的权利基础——兼评《民法典人格权编(草案三次审议稿)》

The Right Basis of Personal Information Protection——Comments on personality right compilation of Civil Code(The Third Draft)

目前,学界关于个人信息保护的权利基础存在较大争议。争议的焦点主要在于个人信息商业化利用所产生的财产利益应该通过单独设立财产权予以保护,还是通过完善人格权理论予以保护。因此,目前学界主要形成"人格权说"和"兼具财产权与人格权说"两大阵营。基于对隐私与个人信息之间关系的不同见解,人格权说又主要分为隐私权说和独立的具体人格权说。个人信息保护权利基础的确立应充分考量我国权利发展的事实。我国应当将个人信息权确立为一项独立的具体人格权,如此既能保护个人信息之上的人格利益,也能保护其财产利益。

At present,there is a great dispute about the right basis of personal information protection in academic circles.The focus of the dispute is whether the property interests arising from the commercial use of personal information should be protected through the establishment of separate property right or through the improvement of the theory of personality right.Thus,the academic circles mainly form two camps:" the theory of personality right" and " the theory of both property right and personality right".Based on the different views on the relationship between privacy and personal information,the theory of personality right is mainly divided into the theory of privacy right and the theory of independent specific personality right.The establishment of the right basis of personal information protection should fully consider the development of the rights of China.China should establish the right of personal information as an independent and concrete personality right,which can not only protect personality interests of personal information,but also protect its property interests.