微织构技术在农林和草原机械中的摩擦学性能研究

Study on tribological properties of micro-texture technology in agriculture,forestry and grassland machinery

磨粒磨损、疲劳磨损是农林和草原机械触土部件失效的主要原因。使用材料表面强化工艺方法(表面堆焊、热喷涂、表面熔覆、电子束、粒子束等),可有效地提高机械部件耐磨性能,但硬化层厚度较薄,在服役过程中会很快被磨掉,失去了对机械部件本身的保护作用。近期仿生学研究发现,在材料表面制备微型凹槽或凸起可有效地实现减摩/抗磨的效果,从而达到改善机械材料摩擦学行为的目的。本研究阐述了表面微织构技术在农林和草原机械中的研究现状,对摩擦副材料表面减摩/抗磨、减阻和降噪表面织构的设计与研究进行了对比,阐述了相关机理。基于此,对改善农林和草原机械的耐磨、抗磨行为进行了总结和展望。

Grain wear and fatigue wear are the main causes of failure of mechanical soil touching parts in agriculture,forestry and grassland.The use of material surface strengthening technology(surface surfacing,thermal spraying,surface cladding,electron beam,particle beam,etc.)can effectively improve the wear resistance of mechanical parts,but the hardening layer thickness is relatively thin,it will be quickly worn off in the service process,losing the protection of mechanical parts themselves.Recent bionics studies have found that the preparation of micro grooves or bumps on the surface of materials can effectively reduce friction/wear,so as to improve the tribological behavior of mechanical materials.In this study,the research status of surface micro-texture technology in agricultural,forestry and grassland machinery was described.The design and research of surface texture of friction pair material surface friction/anti-wear,drag reduction and noise reduction were compared,and the related mechanism was described.Based on this,the improvement of wear resistance and wear resistance of agricultural,forestry and grassland machinery was summarized and prospected.