马克思主义关于教育与政治辩证关系思想探析

Marxist Ideas on the Dialectical Relationship Between Education and Politics

马克思主义科学揭示了教育与政治的辩证关系。一方面,政治作为经济的集中表现,对教育具有一定的制约作用。具体而言,教育性质受政治制约,一定阶级的教育是其“生产关系和所有制关系的产物”;教育目的受政治制约“,为谁培养人”是由社会制度决定的;教育内容受政治制约,教科书反映了统治阶级对教育的基本要求;教育机会受政治制约,平等的国民教育是资本主义的谎言,社会主义教育则不断促进教育公平。另一方面,教育不是社会发展的被动适应物,可以对政治产生反作用,具体体现于对社会变革、新社会建设、新人培育等方面产生影响。在社会主义条件下,无产阶级政党应当正确认识和运用教育与政治之间的辩证关系,确立和完善党对教育工作的领导。为此,要坚持擦亮社会主义教育底色,打造社会主义教师队伍,保障优先发展教育事业。

Marxist science reveals the dialectical relationship between education and politics.On the one hand,politics,as the central expression of the economy,has a certain restraining effect on education.Specifically,the nature of education is subject to politics,as education of a certain class is a product of its“production relations and ownership”;the purpose of education is defined by politics,as“for whom to educate people”is determined by the social system;the content of education is governed by politics,as textbooks reflect the basic demands of the ruling class for education;the opportunity of education is limited by politics.Equal national education is a lie of capitalism,while socialist education constantly promotes equity in education.On the other hand,education,not a passive adaptation to social development,can have a countervailing effect on politics,in the form of its influence on social change,the construction of new societies and the formation of new people.Under socialist conditions,the proletarian party should correctly understand and apply the dialectical relationship between education and politics,and establish and improve the CPC’s leadership of education as the fundamental guarantee for good education.To this end,we should persist in polishing the background of socialist education,creating a socialist teaching force and give priority to the development of education.