儿童重症肺炎临床特点分析及治疗

The clinical characteristics and treatment of severe pneumonia in children

目的分析儿童重症肺炎的临床特点及治疗效果。方法对山东大学附属济南市中心医院儿科2017年9月~2018年10月确诊的42例重症肺炎患儿的临床特征和治疗效果进行回顾性分析。结果根据患儿病情分别给予大环内酯类与内酰胺酶类抗生素联合抗感染、洋地黄强心、纠正低氧状态、减轻气管痉挛、营养心肌、肝脏、止咳祛痰等对症支持治疗,38例于治疗5~29d后治愈出院,1例自动出院,3例死亡。结论儿童感染肺炎支原体及流感病毒易发展成重症肺炎,儿童重症肺炎容易合并心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭、心肌损害、肝功能损害等并发症,给予大环内酯类与内酰胺酶类抗生素联合抗感染、洋地黄强心、纠正低氧状态、减轻气管痉挛、营养心肌、肝脏、止咳祛痰等对症支持治疗,临床治疗效果显著。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of severe pneumonia in children.Methods The clinical characteristics and therapeutic effects of 43 children with severe diagnosed between July 2017 and August 2018 in our hospital were analyzed retro-spectively.Results Symptomatic supportive treatment including macrolide and lactamase antibiotics,digitalis fortifying heart,correcting hypoxia,alleviating tracheal spasm,nourishing myocardium,liver,relieving cough and expectoration was given.38 cases were cured and discharged after 5~29 days of treatment,1 case was discharged automatically and 3 cases died.Conclusion Children infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza viruses are prone to develop into severe pneumonia.Children with severe pneumonia are prone to complications such as heart failure,respiratory failure,myocardial damage and liver function damage.The symptomatic and supportive treatment of macrolide and lactamase antibiotics combined with anti-infection,digitalis fortifying heart,correcting hypoxic state,alleviating tracheal spasm,nourishing myocardium,liver,relieving cough and expectoration was given.The clinical effect was remarkable.