共产党人历史主动精神的唯物史观逻辑

Logic of Historical Materialism of the Communists’ Historical Initiative

马克思恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中明确提出了共产党人的历史主动精神。追问马克思恩格斯为何提出这一命题,必须回到唯物史观的理论逻辑上进行科学的解答。谁是历史的主体、以何主动性、怎样创造历史?唯物史观和唯心史观对这些问题都是在“无意识的自然必然性”的论域上回答的,但却有着本质的差别。人类社会历史的自然必然性的规律,是人们以创造自己生活为目的而创造出来的,它不以人的主观意志为转移的客观性和创造历史主体的“无意识”,构成唯物史观解答人们历史创造活动的特质,也是历史之谜的科学解答。马克思恩格斯着眼于焕发无产阶级历史主体自觉性,进而开创自己解放自己历史的道路,提出了历史主动精神的命题,并在法国工人阶级革命实践经验的验证中进一步提升了共产党人历史主动精神的价值地位。由此,我们可以深刻理解当代中国共产党人以伟大的历史主动精神焕发和引领人民群众历史主动精神和历史创造精神的理论逻辑。

Marx and Engels pointed out in the"Communist Manifesto"that the emergence,development and growth of the bourgeoisie are all related to the development of the relationship between industrial production and market economy.In particular,the mechanized industry that subsequently developed in bourgeois society and the world market created by overseas colonialism pushed the bourgeoisie to the center of the historical arena that surpassed all other declining classes.The continuous transformation of production relations is the basic condition for the survival of the bourgeoisie and bourgeois society.As a result,huge social productive forces have been created.After Marx and Engels fully affirmed the historical status of the bourgeois mode of production,the objective social contradictions revealed from within the development of bourgeois social reality itself meant that the bourgeois mode of production,which once represented advanced productive forces——the revolutionary spear that was used to eliminate the backward feudal autocracy social relations——has now been directed at the bourgeoisie itself in the hands of the proletariat.This is objective historical dialectics.