通向团结的孤独之路——论加缪小说《鼠疫》的启示

Towards the Solitary Road to Unity——On the Enlightenment of Camus’ Novel “The Plague”

在加缪的作品中,对孤独的表现和对团结的希冀具有一种不亚于荒诞和反抗主题的重要性。学者们在研究加缪作品时,通常将孤独与团结视为一对相反的主题。其实,在加缪"反抗系列"作品,尤其是在《鼠疫》中,孤独与团结并不对立。通过描绘疫情下与世隔绝的奥兰城中市民们一步步走向团结,通过突出小说主人公们为了集体的团结而自愿选择个人的分离与孤独,加缪旨在告诉人们,孤独与团结是一体的,团结诞生于孤独中,孤独与团结共存。当独行者们朝向同一个目标前进时,他们将迎来胜利和幸福的曙光。孤独也可以通向团结,孤独更需要团结,尤其是人类面临重大灾难与安全威胁时。

In Camus’s works,the expression of loneliness and the hope for unity are as important as the themes of absurdity and resistance.When scholars study Camus’s works,they usually regard loneliness and unity as a pair of opposite themes.In fact,in Camus’s"Rebellion Series"works,especially in"The Plague",loneliness and unity are not opposed.By depicting the citizens of Oran,isolated from the world under the epidemic,towards unity step by step,and by highlighting that the protagonists of the novel voluntarily choose individual separation and loneliness for collective unity,Camus aims to tell people that loneliness and unity are one.Unity is born in loneliness,loneliness and unity coexist.When the lone travelers move towards the same goal,they will usher in the dawn of victory and happiness.Loneliness can also lead to unity,and loneliness requires unity,especially when mankind is facing major disasters and security threats.