围绝经期及绝经后期女性骨密度水平及相关影响因素的调查研究

Bone mineral density level and related influencing factors of women in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal period

目的探讨绝经对骨密度水平的干扰及其他相关因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,以甘肃省40—55岁的围绝经期及绝经后期女性为研究对象,使用超声波骨密度测量仪测量骨密度,以问卷形式开展现场调查。结果共纳入1299例女性,骨质下降占53.58%,骨质疏松症发病率为16.17%;年龄增长、体质指数升高、多次生育、不喜运动、生活在经济较发达地区是骨密度下降的危险因素。腰臀比、妊娠次数、流产次数、月经量、母乳喂养时长与骨密度的改变差异无统计学意义。结论围绝经期及绝经后期女性骨质健康下降,应监测骨密度,尽早预防骨质疏松;骨密度测定对该人群具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate into the interference and other related factors of pausimenia on bone mineral density level.Methods The method of multi-stage cluster random sampling was used.Women in perimenopausal and postmenopausal period at the age from 40 to 55 in Gansu Province were regarded as the research objects.Ultrasonic bone mineral density measuring instrument was used in field investigation by means of questionnaire.Results 1299 women were selected for analysis.The proportion of bone mineral substance decline was 53.58%and the incidence rate of osteoporosis was 16.17%.Increasing age,rising body mass index,multiple pregnancies,disliking sports and living in comparatively developed areas were the risk factors for bone mineral density decline.The change difference in waist-hip ratio,gravidity,abortion frequency,amount of menses,breastfeeding time and bone mineral density had no statistical significance.Conclusions The bone mineral health of women in perimenopausal and postmenopausal period declines and bone mineral density should be monitored to prevent osteoporosis as early as possible.Bone densitometry is of great significance for this purpose.