牙髓干细胞在视网膜和中枢神经系统修复中的应用

Use of dental pulp stem cells in optic nerve and central nervous system restoration

牙髓干细胞(DPSC)是由神经嵴衍生的一类外胚层间充质干细胞,采用非侵入性的方法即可从新生儿或成年人的牙髓中分离获得,能够应用于中枢神经系统(CNS)以及与视神经相关的损伤和疾病的治疗。DPSC对神经损伤治疗作用可能涉及多种通路,其中,旁分泌系统有重要作用。DPSC通过旁分泌系统分泌的多种营养因子可能是DPSC参与神经修复的主要机制。本文综述了有关DPSC在CNS损伤修复中作用的依据以及视网膜视神经节细胞在视神经损伤过程中的神经保护以及促进再生作用的研究进展。

Dental pulp stem cells(DPSC)refer to a sort of ecto-mesenchymal stem cells derived from neural crest and can be isolated from postnatal and adult teeth using a non-invasion method.An increasing number of studies have found that DPSC could be applied in repair of central nervous system(CNS)and optic nerve related damage and diseases.Multiple pathways could be related to the repair process of DPSC on nervous injury,in which the endocrine system might play an important role.Plenty of trophic factors secreted from the endocrine system might be a main mechanism involved in the repair process of DPSC.This review introduced the evidence of DPSC repair function on CNS injury,and recently findings concerning the protection and regeneration function of retinal ganglion cell in optic nerve damage.