2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗研究进展

Research Progress of Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes

2型糖尿病(T2DM)的胰岛素抵抗(IR)是一种病理状态,在这种状态下,胰岛素不能对正常的胰岛素循环水平做出适当的反应。IR是胰岛素依赖细胞(如脂肪细胞等)对胰岛素激素不适当反应的复杂病理状态。IR可以看作是引起T2DM的谜团,它是高血压、血脂异常、糖耐量异常、冠心病、脑血管病等多种慢性病的基础,因此治疗和预防IR具有关键的作用。IR并不局限于骨骼肌、肝脏、脂肪组织和其他传统认为的胰岛素敏感组织,而且同一胰岛细胞中的IR可能在一定程度上导致细胞生长和分泌功能在正常血糖代偿期的衰竭。该综述总结了近期的研究,这些研究提供了IR和T2DM相关的肝脏糖异生增加的见解,为治疗T2DM胰岛素抵抗提供潜在依据。

Insulin resistance(IR)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a pathological state.In this state,insulin cannot respond appropriately to normal insulin cycle levels.IR is a complex pathological state of inappropriate response of insulin-dependent cells(such as adipocytes)to insulin hormones.IR can be regarded as the mystery of T2DM,which is the basis of many chronic diseases such as hypertension,dyslipidemia,impaired glucose tolerance,coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,and so on.Therefore,the treatment and prevention of IR have a key role.IR is not limited to skeletal muscle,liver,adipose tissue and other traditionally considered insulin-sensitive tissues,and IR in the same islet cell may,to some extent,lead to the failure of cell growth and secretory function in the normal glucose compensation period.This review summarizes recent studies that provide insights into the increase of liver gluconeogenesis related to IR and T2DM,and provide potential evidence for the treatment of insulin resistance in T2DM.