经典名方中山药的本草考证

Textual Research on Classical Prescription of Chinese Classical Prescriptions

山药原名"藷藇"最早见于《山海经·北山经》,古称薯蓣,《神农本草经》中列为上品。考证历代本草,山药基原、药材性状均与当今薯蓣科植物薯蓣Dioscorea opposita Thunb.一致,为历代主流品种,建议经典名方开发时选用。其道地产区集中到河南怀庆府已历史悠久,如今河南仍为山药主产区。山药炮制方法多样,总体来看以炒制为主,主要为清炒和麸炒,不同经典名方炒制规格需具体考证。该研究通过查阅历代本草、医籍、方书等古代资料,结合现代文献资料对山药药材的名称、基原、产地、采收加工、炮制进行系统梳理与考证,为包含该类药材的经典名方的开发提供依据。

The original name of Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma)Chinese classical prescriptions was first seen in Classic of Mountains and Rivers·Beishan Classic,and was listed as the top grade in Sheng Nong’s Herbal Classic.The textual research of ancient Chinese herbal medicines,the base of Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma),and the characteristics of medicinal materials are consistent with the current Dioscorea opposita Thunb.,which is the main stream variety in the past dynasties.It is recommended to use when developing classic names.It has a long history that its real estate area is concentrated in Huaiqing prefecture,and Henan is still the main producing area of Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma).There are various Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma)processing methods.Generally speaking,they are mainly fried,mainly fried and bran fried.The specifications of different classic recipes need to be verified.In this study,the name,origin,producing area,collection,processing and concocting of Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma)were systematically sorted and textual researched by referring to the ancient materials such as herbal medicines,medical books and combined with the modern documents,provided a basis for the development of the classical prescriptions containing this kind of medicinal materials.