基于数据挖掘探讨我国近十年放射性肺炎中医证候、治法、用药规律研究

Study on TCM Syndrome,Treatment and Medication Regularity of Radiation Pneumonitis in Recent Ten Years in China Based on Data Mining

目的探讨近十年来我国放射性肺炎患者的中医证候分型、治法及其用药规律。方法检索2010年4月—2020年6月中国知网、万方、维普数据库中医、中西医结合治疗放射性肺炎的文献,通过筛选后建立数据库,运用SPSS 20.0统计描述性分析、聚类分析的方法进行数据挖掘,并总结放射性肺炎的中医证候、治法及用药规律。结果在纳入的59篇文献中,出现频率较高的证候是肺阴虚证、肺实热(热毒)证、肺血瘀证、肺气虚证;治法以养阴、清热、益气、活血、润肺、解毒为主;使用频次前3位的单味中药为麦冬、炙甘草、北沙参,从药物功效分类看,用药频次最高的是补虚药,其中又以补阴药、补气药为主,用药频次排名第2、3位的是清热药、化痰止咳平喘药;药物归经以肺经、胃经、心经为主,药性以寒性、温性居多,药味以甘、苦居多;聚类分析总结出常用药物组合9组。结论客观呈现了目前中药治疗放射性肺炎以治肺为关键,以养阴、清热、益气、活血、润肺、解毒为主要治法。主要用药为补气药、补阴药、清热药和化痰止咳平喘类药物。

Objective To investigate the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome,treatment and medication regularity of patients with radiation pneumonitis in recent ten years.Methods Firstly,the medication of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of radiation pneumonitis were collected from CNKI,WanFang data,VIP database April 2010 to June 2020.Then,we established the database after screening,and used SPSS 20.0 statistical descriptive analysis and cluster analysis for data mining.Finally,summarized the TCM syndromes,treatment and medication regularity of radiation pneumonitis.Results Among the 59 literatures,the high frequency TCM syndromes were Yin deficiency of lung,sthenia heat(heat-toxin)syndrome of lung,blood-stasis syndrome of lung,Qi-deficiency syndrome of lung;The treatment mainly focuses on nourishing Yin,clearing heat,tonifying Qi,invigorating the circulation of blood,moistening lung and removing toxic materials;The first three single Chinese herbs were Maidong(Ophiopogonis Radix),Zhigancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle),Beishashen(Glehniae Radix);According to the classification of drug efficacy,the highest frequency were drugs for restoring vital energy,among which Yin-tonifying drugs and Qi-tonifying drugs were the main ones.The second and third place of drugs use frequency were antipyretics and expectorant,antitussive and antasthmatic drugs;Lung meridian,stomach meridian and heart meridian were the main channels tropism of drugs.The properties of drugs were mainly cold property and warm property,while the medicinal tastes were mainly sweet and bitter;Cluster analysis summarized 9 groups of commonly used drug combinations.Conclusion At present,the treatment of radioactive pneumonitis by traditional Chinese medicine took lung as the key,and nourishing Yin,clearing heat,tonifying Qi,invigorating the circulation of blood,moistening lung and removing toxic materials were the main treatment methods.The mainly drugs were Qi-tonifying drugs,Yin-tonifying drugs,antipyretics and expectorant,antitussive and antasthmatic drugs.