何首乌功效衍变及其应用分析

The Evolution of the Efficacy of Polygonum Multiflorum and the Analysis of Its Application

何首乌是我国常用的补益药,因其神奇的功效被广为追捧,但近年来何首乌不良反应报道频出,引起世人关注。纵观本草,何首乌功效不断衍变,生首乌最初在唐代有补益功效,到清代才形成"生者流利,制者固补"的观念。该研究查阅文献,整理了普通民众对何首乌的评价,并和历代医家对何首乌功效的认识相比较,勾勒出何首乌功效衍变的过程,发现何首乌的补益功效尚有争议。比较历代医家与现代中成药、保健品对含何首乌方剂的使用,发现现代对何首乌的使用过于追求其补益养生作用,忽视了其传统治瘰疬风毒的功效,与古人对何首乌使用规律有区别,两相比较,为何首乌安全使用提供借鉴。

Heshouwu(the root of Polygonum multiflorum),a commonly used tonic herbal medicine in China,owing to its special curative properties,wins favor with doctors and patients.The adverse reactions of Heshouwu,however,frequently reported in recent years,has already aroused public attention.Throughout the Materia medica books,the effect of Heshouwu has evolved.The tonifying effect can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty.It was in the Qing Dynasty that the concept of"the use differs between crude drugs and processed ones"was formed.This article sorts out the folk evaluation of Heshouwu from the historical literature,and offer a contrast between it and the doctor’s understanding of the efficacy of Heshouwu.It outlines the development process of Heshouwu and finds that the tonifying effect of Heshouwu may be dubious.By analyzing the modern use of Heshouwu prescriptions in Chinese patent medicine and health care products,we find that Heshouwu tonic effects outweigh the traditional therapeutic value for treating scrofula,which differs from the ancient people’s use of Heshouwu.By comparing and contrasting how to use Heshouwu presciption in the two above periods,it may be referenced for the safe use of Heshouwu.