冷战时期中国对东欧国家称谓的演变——以《人民日报》为样本的历史考察和计量分析

Alteration of the Chinese Naming of East European States in the Cold War

第二次世界大战结束后,以苏联为首的社会主义阵营形成。通过对"《人民日报》图文数据库"的计量分析可知,冷战时期中国对属于苏联阵营的东欧国家的称谓,在国家与社会性质方面经历了"新民主国家""人民民主国家"和"社会主义阵营"三种表述;从国家关系特别是党际关系来看,曾定位于"兄弟国家"和"修正主义国家",最后归于中性的东欧国家。通过对冷战时期中国对东欧国家称谓的演变进行历史考察和分析,可窥见当代中国历史和国际共运史发展的某些变化,并深化有关历史问题的认识。

After World WarⅡ,a socialist camp appeared around the Soviet Union.The data from the People’s Daily shows that during the Cold War,China used"new democratic states","people’s democratic states",and"socialist camp"successively to name those East European states in close association with the Soviet Union.In defining inter-state and especially inter-party relations,terms like"brotherly states"and"revisionist states"were used before the neutral term"East European states"was adopted.A historical analysis of such alteration in characterizing East European states can reveal developments in both Chinese history and history of the international communist movement.