解读中朝科技合作——以朝鲜技术考察团为中心

Assessing Sino-DPRK’s Scientific and Technological Cooperation: The Case of DPRK’s Technological Delegation to China

1957年12月31日,中朝两国签订科学技术合作协定,两国科技合作进入机制化和规范化阶段。20世纪60年代初,由于中苏对立和社会主义阵营内意识形态斗争的加剧,中国对朝鲜的科技合作呈现出政治优先的倾向,中国在科技合作中突出政治任务,而忽略了转移技术的经济效益和知识价值,在"无保留"的指导方针之下,中国对朝科技合作逐渐暴露出实际问题。"文化大革命"爆发后,中朝关系趋冷,两国科技合作一度中断,直至1969年两国政治关系恢复后方才进一步发展。改革开放后,中国对朝科技合作逐渐去政治化。中朝科技合作与中朝政治关系存在正向关联,政治因素是两国科技合作的基础。

In 1957,China and the DPRK signed a bilateral agreement on scientific and technological cooperation,which significantly advanced institutionalization and standardization of their cooperation.In the early 1960 s,the Sino-Soviet split and the ideological struggle within the socialist camp led China to prioritize politics in its scientific and technological cooperation with the DPRK.While stressing political goals in its scientific-technological relationship with the DPRK,China ignored economic value of technological transfer and intellectual property.Under a"no reservation"guideline,the Sino-DPRK cooperation was exposed to many problems.During"the Cultural Revolution",the Sino-DPRK relationship deteriorated,and their scientific and technological cooperation was suspended for a while before 1969.Only after China’s reform era began,did its cooperation with the DPRK in the scientific and technological fields begin to depoliticize.