也说《生经·舅甥经》中的“俘囚”

A Study on Fuqiu(俘囚)in Shengjing Jiushengjing(《生经·舅甥经》)

以往学者对《生经·舅甥经》中"俘囚"的释义作出了积极可贵的探索,然仍有未惬之处。赵家栋等(2017)认为"俘囚"相当于"捊㘝(囚)",义为"取"的新说亦不可从。颜洽茂等(2014)所主张的"俘囚"本当作"孚因","孚"表示速、疾之义是符合竺法护译经实际的,"孚"表疾速义也是东汉至东晋时期"孚"的一个常见义。然颜文结论中将"孚"理解为赶快、赶紧、急忙等义则并不适当,因为《舅甥经》中的"甥"沉着冷静,没有慌忙、急忙的行事特征。我们认为"孚因酒瓶盛骨而去"一句,当译为"迅速(迅即或随即)用酒瓶盛装舅之骸骨而离开",文献中"孚"与"疾""即"等义相当,如此理解与其他佛经中的描述是一致的。

Scholars used to make active and valuable exploration on the definition of Fuqiu(俘-囚)in the book of Shengjing Jiushengjing(《生经·舅甥经》),but there are still some imperfections.Zhao Jiadong’s new opinion is not appropriate,which was proposed in2017 and insisted that Fuqiu(俘囚)was equivalent to Pounie(捊(㘝)or捊囚),meaning"to take".Yan Qiamao’s opinion makes sense,which was proposed in 2014 and argued that the word form of Fuqiu(俘囚)should be Fuyin(孚因),and the meaning of Fu(孚)in which is"rapid"and is a common meaning in both Buddhist scriptures of Zhu Fahu(竺法护,a monk of the Western Jin Dynasty)and the other scriptures from Eastern Han to Eastern Jin Dynasty.But Yan Qiamao’s opinion on interpreting Fu as"hurry or flurry"in the conclusion is not accurate,because the nephew in Shengjing Jiushengjing doesn’t have that kind of personality.We also argue that the meaning of Fu(孚)is"rapidly or immediately"and the sentence Fu in Jiuping Cheng Gu Er Qu(孚因酒瓶盛骨而去)should be translated into the nephew picked up his uncle’s bones with a wine urn and left quickly,and this understanding is consistent with the description in other Buddhist scriptures.