“顶手”考

The Explanation of Dingshou(顶手)

"顶手"主要出现于出钱顶承胥吏和租佃田地房屋两个语境中。前一语境下"顶手"有"出钱顶承的职位""顶承胥吏等职位所需的钱""顶承胥吏等职位的人"三个义位,是"顶首"的借字。"顶手"与同结构类型的近义词"替手""接手""接脚"等理据不同。后一语境中"顶手"有"押租""转让""转让费""手续费"等义。转让义由"顶手"承担,受到"V+手"格式尤其是"转手"的影响。

Dingshou(顶手) mainly appeared in the two contexts of replacing official position and renting field or house.Following the principle of universal meaning of words,we have summarized tha dingshou(顶手)had three meanings:the person who replaces the official position,the replaced official position and the money for buying the official position in the former one.It was determined that the dingshou(顶首)was the word,and the dingshou(顶手)was the borrowed word,which rationale is different between the same structure type of tishou(替手),jieshou(接手)and jiejiao(接脚).And in the latter one,dingshou(顶手)had the meaning of rent deposit,transfer,transfer fee and handling charge.It clarified the relationship between dingshou(顶手)and zhuanshou(转手)and daoshou(倒手).It was believed that the meaning of transfer written into dingshou(顶手) should also be influenced by the V+手 format,especially zhuanshou(转手).At the same time,our study can also correcte and supplemente the interpretation of the Chinese Dictionary.