历史视角的近代语源学考察

On the Study of Modern Etymology From a Historical Perspective

近代语源学史是整个汉语语源学史的重要组成部分,它在语源学史中具有承前启后的历史意义。这一历史阶段的语源研究植根于传统学术、注重利用新见甲骨金石材料、吸纳西方语源学的理论方法,进而取得了丰硕的研究成果;但也有其时代局限:拘泥文字,比附西学,偏执于传统训诂。近代诸家在语源学理论与实践上的大力尝试,不仅实现了传统"小学"向现代语言文字之学的过渡,为现代词源学奠定了基础和格局,也为现代语言学提供了宝贵的经验和教训。

The history of modern etymology is an important part of the whole history of Chinese Etymology,and it has a historical significance inheriting the past and opening future in the history of etymology.Studies on the etymology of this historical stage being rooted in the traditional academic,focusing on the use of new materials such as oracle and bronze inscriptions,absorbing the theories and methods of Western etymology,have achieved fruitful results.But the studies of etymology have some common limitations of that times.Firstly,some methods of studying Chinese characters should not be used for etymology;Secondly,there are some incorrect views on the source and stream of the words.Thirdly,their etymological studies have the limitations of traditional exegesis.