现代汉语“V+掉”构式群的显现——从语法构式到修辞构式的扩展

A Study on Evolution of V+Diao Construction Group——From Grammatical Constructions to Rhetorical Constructions

本文根据"掉"的语义,将"V+掉"构式群的成员分为三大类七小类,作为一个原型范畴,其成员之间具有典型性差异,包括语法构式和修辞构式。文章根据典型述补构式语义和句法特点对各成员的典型性进行判定,典型性越高,越是语法构式;典型性越低,越是修辞构式。在此基础上,文章对"V+掉"构式群扩展和形成的过程进行探究,发现这是构式体内之间、构式体和外部句法成分之间以及句法与语义、句法和修辞等不同界面之间以及空间域和时间域、时间域和状态域等不同认知域之间多重互动的结果。至于起作用的机制,则是类推、重新分析、隐喻和转喻。

This paper reckons that that construction group V+Diao(掉)is compromised of three components,which also have respectively some members.As a prototype category,its members have differences in typicality,including grammatical constructions and rhetorical constructions.Based on the semantic and grammatical features of typical predicate-complement structures,this paper analyses the typicality degree of every member.If a member’s typicality degree is high,it is a grammatical construction.If not,it is a rhetorical construction.This paper also studies the forming process of construction group V+Diao(掉),finds that it is the result of multiple interaction between construction and its components,between construction and external syntactic components,between different interfaces,between different cognitive domains.And the relevant mechanisms are analogy,reanalysis,metaphor and metonymy.