考虑空间视角的开放式景区行人路径选择模式研究——以南京夫子庙景区为例

Recognizing Historical Scenic Area’s Pedestrian Path on the Spatial Perspective:Case Study of Confucius Temple Scenic Spot, Nanjing, China

游客微观路径选择模式的研究对景区管理、活动规划与营销制定均具有重要参考价值。文章基于空间句法对景区路径空间性影响进行量化分析,综合考虑开放式景区游客及非游客群体路径选择的核心影响因素及路径选择模式,建立路径拟合模型,实现不同群体核心路径的空间生成。研究表明:空间因素(路段连通度、路段控制度及局部选择度)对景区行人路径选择具有重要影响;游客与非游客行人交互作用下,开放式景区主要形成了生活性路径、深度景点游览路径、休闲景点游览路径和通过性路径4类路径;基于空间影响假设进行各类路径拟合,与实际调查路径相比,休闲景点游览路径相似度达到75%,具有较高的准确度。该研究可为景区管理者进行景区路径优化、公共设施优化布置及节庆活动指定方案设计定量化参考。

Understanding pedestrians’path choice in scenic areas is fundamentally important in the administration and design of scenic areas,the planning of on-site movement,and the marketing of tourist attractions.In some historical scenic areas,residents also live there and interact with tourists.Therefore,the pedestrians’path choices in these areas may be special and need deeper exploration.In this paper,a spatial and quantitative method was developed to explore various pedestrian choices and paths in such historical scenic areas.One innovation point is,space syntax was developed as a tool to quantify scenic’s street network spatial influences.Traffic and built environment influences were also considered.Another innovation point is,pedestrians were identified as tourists(prepared),tourists(unprepared),local residents and city residents.Also,a new prediction method is put forward as follows:By using principal component analysis(PCA),the key factors on path choice can be identified.Then,clustering analysis on key factors can show various types of street segment preference.Finally,a path fitting method is proposed to aggregate types of street segments into different pedestrians’pathes,regarding three path assumptions:contiguity,homology and strategy assumption.Furthermore,a case study was conducted at Confucius Temple scenic spot,Nanjing,China.In this area,its historical buildings were maintained in harmonious coexistence with residential dwellings and other new buildings.So residents and tourists were mixed in this area’pedestrians,showing great research values.The results show that factors affecting pedestrian path choice can be divided into four dimensionsspatial,scenic,traffic and commercial dimensions.Among them,spatial influence has a strong overall influence on pedestrian path choice,with a 35.73%contribution rate,mainly shown by three spatial factors:connectivity,control and local choice.Scenic,traffic and commercial dimensions gave 21.32%,11.68%and 11.19%contributions,respectively.Under the interaction between tourists and residents,four types of pedestrian paths were formed:path for daily life,traffic,in-depth visiting or casually visiting.Comparing the actual paths investigated,the path for casually visiting shows a good prediction effect,with 75%similarity.Besides,the results indicated that local residents tend to avoid paths attracting tourists.The results presented here may be beneficial in terms of internal management of open scenic areas,comfort of tourists and residents,and the planning of road networks.One shortcoming of this paper is,all actual paths were investigated by respondents’self-reporting,which can be biased and cannot count stay time.