林业上市公司绿色竞争力指标体系构建及实证研究——基于熵权模糊一致性互补判断矩阵

Index System Construction and Empirical Study on the Green Competitiveness of Forestry Listed Companies——Based on Entropy Weight Fuzzy Consistency Complementary Judgment Matrix

绿色竞争力的培育及提升是生态文明新时代林业上市公司面临的全新挑战。准确把握绿色竞争力现状是林业上市公司正确制定绿色竞争战略的重要基础。文章以Hart的自然资源基础观为理论基础,从污染防治、产品管理及可持续发展三个方面构建林业上市公司绿色竞争力指标体系,利用熵权模糊一致性互补判断矩阵评价林业上市公司的绿色竞争力水平。研究结果发现:(1)当前林业上市公司的绿色竞争力水平整体差距不大,但普遍处于较低水平,绿色竞争力最高值为0.4576(广东甘化),最低值为0.1399(新联通),最高水平是最低水平的3.27倍,意味着未来的绿色转型发展还有较大的提升空间。(2)主营业务不同的林业上市公司在污染防治、产品管理和可持续发展三个纵向维度上发展水平差距较大,各维度最高水平分别是最低水平的8.81、3.11和16.54倍,其中以造纸及纸制品类表现最佳。(3)在污染防治、产品管理和可持续发展三个横向维度比较而言,各维度均值分别为0.29、0.42和0.10,意味着多数林业上市公司中产品管理竞争力最强,污染防治次之,可持续发展最差,说明林业上市公司依旧以追求经济效益为主要目标,社会效益和生态效益有待提升。文章提出了要持续挖掘绿色引擎、培养环保意识、培育绿色产品、推动绿色消费、重视绿色技术创新、扩大绿色发展协同效应等政策启示,为林业上市公司制定绿色竞争力提升策略提供决策参考。

The cultivation and promotion of green competitiveness is a major proposition and a new challenge for forestry listed companies in the new era of ecological civilization.Accurately grasping the current situation of green competitiveness is an important basis for forestry listed companies to correctly formulate green competition strategy.Based on Hart’s natural resource-based view,this paper constructs the green competitiveness index system of forestry listed companies from three aspects of pollution prevention,product management and sustainable development,and evaluates the green competitiveness level of forestry listed companies by using entropy weight fuzzy consistency complementary judgment matrix.The results show that:(1)The overall gap of green competitiveness of current forestry listed companies is not big,but it is generally at a low level,the highest value is 0.4576,3.27 times of the lowest value(0.1399),which means that there is still much space for improvement in the future development of green transformation.(2)In the three vertical dimensions of pollution control,product management and sustainable development,the ratio of the highest level to the lowest in the dimensions of pollution control,product management and sustainable development is 8.81 times,3.11 times and 16.54 times respectively,among which papermaking and paper products are the best.(3)In the horizontal comparison of pollution control,product management and sustainable development,the average values of each dimension are 0.29,0.42 and 0.10 respectively,which means that most forestry listed companies have the strongest competitiveness in product management,followed by pollution control,and the worst performance in sustainable development.This also shows that the current forestry listed companies are still pursuing economic benefits as main goal,the improvement of social and ecological benefits needs to be strengthened.Therefore,this paper proposes to continuously tap the green engine and cultivate the awareness of environmental protection,cultivate green products and promote green consumption,attach importance to green innovation technology and expand the synergy effect of green development,so as to provide decision-making reference for forestry listed companies to formulate green competitiveness promotion strategies.