土地整治影响城乡收入差距吗?——以高标准农田建设为例

Does Land Consolidation Affect the Urban-rural Income Gap?——Take High-standard Farmland Construction as an Example

有效缩小城乡收入差距是实现共同富裕的关键。本文以高标准农田建设为例,首次从土地整治视角对城乡收入差距进行了再研究,并探索了可能的影响机制。基于2005~2017年全国31个省份的面板数据,利用双向固定效应模型,研究发现:土地整治对城乡收入差距的影响呈现正U型,且当前位于正U型曲线拐点的右侧,即土地整治扩大了城乡收入差距。机制分析表明,土地整治主要通过改变农户收入结构这一路径来影响城乡收入差距。异质性分析表明,土地整治对经济较发达地区和粮食非主产区城乡收入差距的影响呈现U型,但在经济欠发达地区和主产区没有此类效应。本文研究结论表明,土地整治对城乡融合发展有外溢效应,需要重视高标准农田建设对城乡收入差距的影响。

Effectively narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas is the key to achieving common prosperity.Taking high-standard farmland construction as an example,this paper re-studies the urban-rural income gap from the perspective of land consolidation for the first time,and explores the possible influence mechanism.Based on the panel data of 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China from 2005 to 2017,and using the two-way fixed-effect model,this paper finds that the impact of land consolidation on the income gap between urban and rural areas is presented“positive U-shaped”,and is currently located to the right of the inflection point of the“positive U-shaped”curve,that means the land consolidation has expanded Income disparity between urban and rural areas.Mechanism analysis shows that land consolidation mainly affects the income gap between urban and rural areas by changing the income structure of rural households.The heterogeneity analysis showed that the impact of land consolidation on the income gap between urban and rural areas in economically developed areas and non-main grain producing areas was“U-shaped”,but there was no such effect in economically less developed areas and major producing areas.The conclusion of this paper shows that land consolidation has a spillover effect on urban-rural integrated development,and it is necessary to pay attention to the impact of high-standard farmland construction on urban-rural income gap.