化学品减量施用的福利效应及生态补偿研究——以粮食类家庭农场为例

Study on Welfare Effects and Ecological Compensation of Chemical Reduction

中国式现代化离不开农业现代化,绿色低碳发展是实现农业现代化的重要环节。近年来,中国出台了一系列倡导化肥、农药减量施用的政策,作为新型农业经营主体的粮食类家庭农场在粮食生产过程中不断减少化学品施用量,给生产者、消费者和生态环境带来福利效应。本文以粮食类家庭农场的化肥和农药施用量为研究对象,分析化学品减量施用带来的福利效应及生态补偿。研究结果表明,在粮食生产过程中减少化肥和农药等化学品的施用量有利于降低粮食类家庭农场的生产成本,提高粮食价格,增进生产者的福利;有利于减少化学药剂的残留,保障消费者的健康,增进消费者的福利;有利于保护生态环境,节约资源,维护生态平衡,增进生态环境福利。在分析福利变动的基础上,提出能有效促进农用化学品减量施用的生态补偿方案。

Chinese path to modernization cannot be separated from agricultural modemization,and green and low-carbon development is an important part to achieve agricultural modermization.In recent years,China has introduced a series of policies advocating for reducing the application of fertilizers and pesticides.As a new type of agricultural operation entity,grain family farms continuously reduce the amount of chemicals used in the grain production process,bringing welfare effects to producers,consumers,and the ecological environment.In this paper,the amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide applied in grain family farms is taken as the research object,and the welfare efect and ecological compensation brought by the reduced application of chemicals are analyzed.The research results indicate tbat reducing the application of chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides in the grain production process is beneficial for reducing the production costs of grain family farms,increasing grain prices,and enhancing the welfare of producers;it is beneficial to reduce the residue of chemical agents,ensure the health and safety of consumers’diet,and enhance their welfare;it is beneficial for protecting the ecological environment,saving resources,maintaining ecological balance,and enhancing ecological welfare.Based on the analysis of welfare changes,propose an ecological compensation plan that can effectively promote the reduction of the use of agricultural chemicals.