我国粮油加工业集聚时空格局演变研究

A Study on the Evolution of the Spatial and Temporal Pattern of China's Grain and Oil Processing Industry Agglomeration

本文运用区位熵法和行业集中度法对2003~2015年工业企业数据库中粮油加工业及五个细分行业集聚水平进行了测度。研究发现,在时间层面上,研究期间内粮油加工业总体集聚水平较高,且呈现出逐年增长的态势。但无论是地理区位还是功能区位的集聚表现都不均衡,发展水平存在较大差异。细分行业中谷物磨制业集聚水平明显高于其他细分行业,饲料加工业、食用植物油加工业、淀粉及淀粉制品加工业的集聚水平较一般,豆制品加工业的集聚水平绝大多数年份表现不显著,但总体上各细分行业集聚水平也出现一定程度的提高。在空间层面上,粮油加工业及细分行业表现出以下三个特征:(1)集聚水平高的区域空间分布与粮食主产区高度重合,谷物磨制业集聚区与小麦、水稻主产区重合度比较高,饲料加工业集聚区与玉米产区重合度比较高。(2)空间集聚格局呈增强态势,粮油加工业及细分行业全局莫兰指数在研究期内显著提升,地级市层面集聚逐年增多。(3)空间集聚类型变化较为显著,粮油加工业及细分行业谷物磨制业、饲料加工业、植物油加工业局部莫兰指数显著,且随时间推移显著性增强。淀粉及淀粉制品加工业、豆制品加工业效果则不明显。

This paper uses location entropy method and industry concentration ratio method to measure the agglomeration level of grain and oil processing industry and five sub industries in the industrial enterprise database from 2003 to 2015.The study found that at the time level,the overall agglomeration level of grain and oil processing industry was relatively high during the study period,and showed a trend of annual growth.However,the agglomeration performance of both geographical and functional locations is not balanced,and there are significant diferences in development levels.The accumulation level of grain grinding industry in the segmented industries is significantly higher than that of other segmented industries.The acumulation level of feed processing industry,edible vegetable oil,starch and starch product processing industry is relatively average,while the accumulation level of soybean product processing industry is not significant in most years.However,overall,the agglomeration level of each segmented industry has also increased to a certain extent.At the spatial level,the grain and oil processing industry and its segmented industries exhibit the following characteristics:①The spatial distribution of regions with high agglomeration levels highly overlaps with the main grain production areas,the grain grinding industry cluster area has a relatively high degree of overlap with the main wheat and rice production areas,and the feed processing industry cluster area has a relatively high degree of overlap with the com production areas.②The spatial agglomeration pattern is showing an increasing trend,with the overall Moran index of grain and oil processing industry and subindustries significantly improving during the research period,and the agglomeration at the prefecture level city level is increasing year by year.③The changes in spatial agglomeration types are relatively significant,with significant local Moran indices in grain and oil processing industry and subindustries such as grain grinding industry,feed processing industry,and vegetable oil processing industry,which have significantly increased over time.The effect of starch and starch product processing industry and soybean product processing industry is not significant.