政府补贴与食物浪费——基于高校大学生食堂视角的分析

Government Subsidy and Food Waste——Based on the Perspective of College Student Canteens

中国的食物浪费现象愈演愈烈,已经成为学术和社会各界关注的焦点问题。本文以高校大学生食堂为例,通过分析生产补贴、消费补贴两种方式对经营者和消费者行为决策的影响,梳理财政补贴对食物浪费的影响机制,探究大学生食物浪费的内在原因,以期为治理食物浪费和保障国家粮食安全战略提供一定政策启示。主要结论有以下三个:①在缺乏竞争和信息不对称情况下,生产补贴会诱使经营者过多供应和大学生过多消费食堂饭菜;②在生产补贴基础上增加对大学生的消费补贴比例,有助于减少食物浪费;③高校大学生食堂食物浪费的直接原因是过多供应和过多消费,内在原因是政府对高校食堂不合理的补贴方式。

The growing phenomenon of food waste in China has become a focus of academic and social attention.Based on college students’dining halls and in order to provide some policy implications for the governance of food waste and ensure national food security strategy,the paper tried to analyze the effect mechanism of fiscal subsidies on food waste and explore the internal causes of college students’food waste through the analysis of the decision-making and behavior of the subsidies of production and consumption for operators and consumers.The main conclusions are as follows:①In the absence of competition and information asymmetry,production subsidies will induce operators to oversupply and college students to overconsume canteen food;②On the basis of production subsidies,increasing the proportion of college students’consumption subsidies is helpful to reduce food waste;③The direct cause of food waste in college students’canteen is excessive supply and excessive consumption,while the internal reason is caused by the government’s unreasonable subsidies to college canteen.