中国玉米生产效率变化及影响因素:1980~2018

Changes of Maize Production Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China:1980-2018

基于1980~2018年中国玉米主产省份投入产出数据,采用局部前沿分析法分析各产区玉米生产效率及其演变趋势。在此基础上,借助Tobit模型,考察玉米生产效率影响因素。结果显示:中国玉米生产效率整体波动幅度不大,维持在0.9以上。东北产区和黄淮海产区技术效率水平主导着生产前沿面的移动,西南及南方产区和西北产区仍有提升空间;有效灌溉率、种植业结构、机械化投入的提升有利于改善玉米生产效率,玉米种植结构提升不利于改善玉米生产效率。据此本文提出加大科技研发、改善灌溉设施、完善机械化水平、扩大政策支持力度等政策措施。

Based on the input-output data of Chinas major corn producing provinces from 1980 to 2018,the’partial frontier analysis method was used to analyze the maize production efficiency and its evolution trend in each region.On this basis,with the help of Tobit model,the influencing factors of maize production efficiency were investigated.The results showed that the technical efficiency of maize production in China fluctuated slightly,reaching more than 0.9.The technical efficiency level of the Northeast production area and Huang Huai Hai production area dominates the movement of production frontier,and there is still room for improvement in southwest,southern and northwest production areas.The improvement of effective irrigation rate,planting structure and mechanization investment is conducive to improving maize production efficiency,while the improvement of corn planting structure is not conducive to improving maize production efficiency.Therefore,this paper puts forward some policy measures,such as increasing scientific research and development,improving irrigation facilities,improving mechanization level and expanding policy support.