中国玉米临时收储制度改革及政策优化研究

Research on the Reform and Policy Optimization of China’s Temporary Corn Storage System

考虑到玉米临时收储制度实施后的诸多问题,2016年我国东北地区取消了实行近十年的玉米临时收储制度,调整为"市场化收购"加"生产者补贴"的新机制。改革取得较大突破,主要体现在玉米和其他农产品比价趋于合理,与国际市场价差逐渐缩小。但从实践结果来看,仍然存在农户种植玉米收益下降、卖粮难、种植结构调整的问题,需要继续坚持市场化收购加补贴的改革方向,引导种植结构的调整,鼓励粮食收购主体多元化,推进农地适度规模经营,在不断创新农民增收思路的同时实现玉米上下游产业的协调发展。

Considering many problems after the implementation of the policy,China has adjusted the temporary purchasing and storage policy into new mechanism of"market-based acquisition"plus"subsidy"in the year of 2016.The reforms have achieved major breakthroughs,and it is mainly reflected in the fact that the price comparison of corn and other agricultural products tends to be reasonable,and the price difference between domestic and foreign price is gradually narrowing.From the effect of practice,there are still some problems,such as the decline of farmers’income,the difficulty of selling grain and the adjustment of planting structure.On the basis of persisting in"market-based acquisition"and"subsidy",it is necessary to guide the adjustment of planting structure,encourage the acquisition of diversified grain subjects,promote the scale management of farmland,and realize the coordinated development of corn downstream industry while constantly innovating the idea of increasing farmers’income.