“日苏睦邻合作条约”构想探析

The Proposal of the "Japan-Soviet Treaty of Friendship,Good-neighborliness and Cooperation"

因为存在北方领土问题,日本和苏联和平条约交涉举步维艰。20世纪70年代,苏联向日本提出“日苏睦邻合作条约”构想。作为缔结和平条约前的“中间措施”,该构想回避日本最为关注的北方领土问题,并以牵制《中日和平友好条约》交涉,推广苏联的“亚洲集体安全保障体系”为主要目的,故而多次为日本所拒绝。日苏围绕该条约构想的一系列攻防,反映了冷战结构变动期两国在双边关系中主要诉求的巨大分歧,因此这一时期的日苏关系虽然存在暂时性的缓和,却不可能实现真正的进步。

Because of the northern territory issue,the negotiation of a peace treaty between Japan and the Soviet Union became increasingly difficult.In the 1970 s,the Soviet Union proposed to sign a"Japan-Soviet Treaty of Friendship,Good-neighborliness and Cooperation".The proposal avoided the northern territory issue which was the main concern of Japan,and mainly aimed at obstructing the"Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship"negotiation while promoting Soviet Union’s"collective security in Asia",thus was rejected by Japan repeatedly.The negotiations between Japan and the Soviet Union involving the proposal reflected the disagreements on the major concerns of the two countries during the Cold War.Although the Japan-Soviet relation had eased for a while,no real progress could be achieved.