产地及采收期对益母草中有效成分含量的影响

Effects of Origin and Harvesting Stage on Contents of Effective Constituents in Yimucao(Leonurus japonicas)

目的研究不同产地及采收期对益母草中有效成分含量的影响。方法选取广东汕头、安徽亳州、江苏苏州、浙江磐安、河南驻马店、山东临沂、河北保定、黑龙江鸡西以及新疆布尔津等地区益母草为样品,采用高效液相色谱法检测盐酸益母草碱、盐酸水苏碱、槲皮素和芦丁含量,比较不同产地和采收期益母草有效成分含量差异。结果我国益母草中盐酸水苏碱含量最高的产地为新疆布尔津1.543%,其次为浙江磐安1.518%、山东临沂1.352%和江苏苏州1.327%等;盐酸益母草碱含量最高的产地为新疆布尔津0.891%,其次为浙江磐安0.629%、河北保定0.364%和安徽亳州0.261%等;槲皮素含量最高的产地为江苏苏州0.307%,其次为浙江磐安0.281%、安徽亳州0.243%和河北保定0.235%等;芦丁含量最高的产地为广东汕头1.435%,其次为河南驻马店1.295%、山东临沂1.038%和黑龙江鸡西0.914%等;以产地浙江磐安的益母草为样本,分析结果显示叶期、花初期、花盛期、果初期和果熟期盐酸水苏碱、盐酸益母草碱、槲皮素和芦丁均呈下降趋势。结论不同产地益母草中盐酸水苏碱、盐酸益母草碱、槲皮素以及芦丁含量存在一定差异,综合看来我国长江流域和新疆地区益母草质量水平较高,此外叶期和花期为益母草最佳采收期。

Objective To study the effects of different origins and harvesting stages on the contents of effective constituents in Yimucao(Leonurus japonicas).Methods The samples were Yimucao(Leonurus japonicas)selected from Shantou in Guangdong province,Bozhou in Anhui province,Suzhou in Jiangsu province,Pan′an in Zhejiang province,Zhumadian in Henan province,Linyi in Shandong province,Baoding in Hebei province,Jixi in Heilongjiang province and Burqin in Xinjiang province.The contents of Leonurine hydrochloride,Stachydrine hydrochloride,Quercetin and Rutin were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography.The differences in the contents of effective constituents were compared among Yimucao(Leonurus japonicas)with different origins and harvest stages.Results The origin with the highest content of Stachydrine hydrochloride was Burqin in Xinjiang province(1.543%),followed by Pan′an in Zhejiang province(1.518%),Linyi in Shandong province(1.352%)and Suzhou in Jiangsu province(1.327%).The origin with the highest content of Leonurine hydrochloride was Burqin in Xinjiang province(0.891%),followed by Pan′an in Zhejiang province(0.629%),Baoding in Hebei province(0.364%)and Bozhou in Anhui province(0.261%).The origin with the highest content of Quercetin was Suzhou in Jiangsu province(0.307%),followed by Pan′an in Zhejiang province(0.281%),Bozhou in Anhui province(0.243%)and Baoding in Hebei province(0.235%).The origin with the highest Rutin content was Shantou in Guangdong province(1.435%),followed by Zhumadian in Henan province(1.295%),Linyi in Shandong province(1.038%)and Jixi in Heilongjiang province(0.914%).Based on the samples of Yimucao(Leonurus japonicas)from Zhejiang,analysis results showed that the contents of Stachydrine hydrochloride,Leonurine hydrochloride,Quercetin and Rutin in leaf stage,early stage of blooming,full blooming stage,early fruit stage and fruit ripening stage showed downward trends.Conclusion There are certain differences in the contents of Stachydrine hydrochloride,Leonurine hydrochloride,Quercetin and Rutin in different origins of Yimucao(Leonurus japonicas).In general,the quality of Yimucao(Leonurus japonicas)in the Yangtze River Basin and Xinjiang region is relatively high.In addition,the leaf stage and blooming stage are the best harvesting stages.