道地白及的组培快繁技术优化

Optimization of Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation Technology of Genuine Baiji(Bletilla striata)

目的探讨道地白及的引种条件并评价组培快繁的种植效果。方法取云南、四川的白及种子为材料,在实验室对其进行培养,培养日温为21~25℃,夜温为16~20℃,相对湿度75%~80%,利用显微镜对白及种子的萌芽进行观察,同时通过调节光照时长和pH来筛选白及种子萌芽的最佳条件以及白及种子快速繁殖的最合适条件,研究道地白及生长的最优质条件以及研究白及种子快速繁殖的最合适的培养基处方。结果白及种子极为细小且无胚乳,部分种子无胚,白及最佳液体快速繁殖条件为MS液体培养基,主要包括:1/2MS+3%Sugar+0.6%Agar+1.0 mg/LNAA,萌发率为89.98%,诱导生根较好的培养基为MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.5 mg/L+蔗糖26 g/L+琼脂7 g/L+复合抑菌剂,生根率高达90%,最适合愈伤组织形成的处理为MS+3%Sugar+0.6%Agar+2.0 mg/L,2,4-D+1.0 mg/LNAA+1.0 mg/L6-BA,分化培养基为MS+1.0 mg/LNAA+0.5 mg/L6-BA,分化率较高,诱导率高达91.17%,愈伤组织质地紧实;光照时长为12 h,pH为5.8~6.5。结论道地白及的引种是否成功决定于组织培养的培养基以及组织萌芽的条件,组织培养是提高白及繁殖率的有效途径,白及快速繁殖体系能够快速高效的繁殖白及,解决白及紧张的资源问题,值得进一步深入探讨。

Objective To explore the introduction conditions of genuine Baiji(Bletilla striata)and evaluate the planting effect of tissue culture and rapid propagation.Methods The seeds of Baiji(Bletilla striata)from Yunnan and Sichuan were used as materials and cultured in the laboratory.The germination of Baiji(Bletilla striata)seeds was observed by microscope.At the same time,the optimal conditions of seed germination and rapid propagation of Baiji(Bletilla striata)seeds were screened by adjusting the length of light and pH.The best growth conditions of Baiji(Bletilla striata)and the most suitable medium prescription for rapid propagation of Baiji(Bletilla striata)seeds were studied.Results The seeds of Baiji(Bletilla striata)were very small and had no endosperm,and some seeds were non-embryogenic.The optimal liquid rapid propagation conditions of Baiji(Bletilla striata)were MS liquid medium,including 1/2 MS 3%Sugar 0.6%Agar 1.0 mg/L NAAA,the germination rate was 89.98%,the best medium for inducing root was 1/2 MS 0.2 mg/L NAA,and the rooting rate was as high as 90%.The most suitable treatment for calli formation was MS 3%Sugar 0.6%Agar 2.0 mg/L,2,4-D 1.0 mg/LNAA 1.0 mg/L 6/BA,MS 1.0 mg/LNAA 0.5 mg/L 6/BA,the differentiation rate was high,the induction rate was as high as 91.17%,and the texture of calli was tight.The length of light was 12 hours,and the pH was 5.8±6.5.Conclusion The successful introduction of Baiji(Bletilla striata)depends on the medium of tissue culture and the condition of tissue germination.Tissue culture is an effective way to improve the reproduction rate of Baiji(Bletilla striata).The rapid propagation system of Baiji(Bletilla striata)can reproduce Baiji(Bletilla striata)quickly and efficiently,and solve the resource problem of Baiji(Bletilla striata)tension,which is worthy of further discussion.