齐齐哈尔生猪定点屠宰场所旋毛虫流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of Trichinella spiralis in designated pig slaughterhouses in Qiqihar

试验旨在调查齐齐哈尔地区生猪定点屠宰场所旋毛虫感染情况。试验从不同生猪定点屠宰场采集血清样本及膈肌样本各1 015份,应用Elisa检测试剂盒对血清进行检测,压片镜检法及消化法对Elisa阳性肉样进行检测,并对肉样进行基因组提取,PCR检测是否含有旋毛虫基因。结果显示:2018—2021年齐齐哈尔地区生猪定点屠宰场猪旋毛虫阳性率分别为1.57%、1.23%、1.15%、1.17%;不同地区生猪血清样本检出率分别为富裕0.89%、甘南1.16%、拜泉1.37%、梅里斯1.27%、龙江1.25%、克山1.46%及泰来1.51%;平均阳性率为1.28%。Elisa阳性肉样中有46.15%的肉样可通过压片镜检法发现虫体,76.92%的肉样可通过消化法检出虫体。Elisa阳性肉样中仅有2个肉样通过PCR法检出阳性,检出率为0.20%。研究表明,齐齐哈尔地区的定点生猪屠宰场旋毛虫阳性率较低。

The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the infection of Trichinella spiralis in the designated slaughterhouses of live pigs in Qiqihar. In the experiment, 1 015 serum samples and diaphragm samples were collected from different pig fixed-point slaughterhouses. The serum was tested with Elisa test kit, and Elisa positive meat samples were tested with tabletting microscopy and digestion. Genome was extracted from meat samples, and PCR was used to detect whether there was Trichinella spiralis gene. The results showed that from 2018 to 2021, the positive rates of Trichinella spiralis in live pigs at designated slaughterhouses in Qiqihar were 1.57%, 1.23%, 1.15% and 1.17% respectively.The detection rates of pig serum samples in different areas were 0.89% in Fuyu, 1.16% in Gannan, 1.37% in Baiquan,1.27% in Meiris, 1.25% in Longjiang, 1.46% in Keshan and 1.51% in Tailai respectively. The average positive rate was1.28%. 46.15% of the Elisa positive meat samples can be detected by compression microscopy, and 76.92% of the meat samples can be detected by digestion. Among the Elisa positive meat samples, only two meat samples were positive by PCR, and the detection rate was only 0.20%. The study indicates that the positive rate of Trichinella spiralis was low in the designated pig slaughterhouses in Qiqihar.