李兆洛對駢文的重構

Li Zhaoluo’s Reconstruction of Parallel Prose

雖然駢文之實到漢魏已備,但"駢文"之名直到清代纔出現。在嘉道以來駢散不分的文章思潮下,李兆洛通過理論批評及創作駢散合一的文章等,實現了對"駢體文"指向的重構,從而推動了清代駢文創作與理論的新變。他理論上輕視"齊梁體",推崇"漢魏體",以此推尊駢文;又在選本上將秦漢具有排偶色彩的文章收入駢體文選本,事實上擴大了駢體文的容量,建構了駢散不分的"漢魏體"駢文。這種駢文追求風骨遒勁,文質相符;多用四言單句,罕用四六隔對;語言清麗,隸事渾融,不重聲律等。這是晚清最受推崇的駢文體式,從而又實現了對清初工整的四六駢體的解構。理解李兆洛對駢文重構的過程和影響,對今天的駢文研究具有重要價值。

Although the format of parallel prose was already established in Han and Wei Dynasties,the official term did not appear until Qing Dynasty.Since the trend of combining parallel prose and prose essay during the reigns of Emperor Jiaqin and Emperor Daoguang,Li Zhaoluo reconstructed the meaning of parallel prose through theoretical criticism and creative writing,and in doing so,innovated both the theory and the writing of parallel prose,In terms of theory,he criticized the parallel prose of Qi-Liang Style and praised the Han-Wei Style.He further added writings with parallel style from Qin and Han dynasties into parallel prose collections,and broadened the content of parallel prose,and constructed Han-Wei style parallel prose that combined parallel prose and prose essays.This kind of parallel prose pursues vigorous style and consistent literary quality,often with four words and single sentences rather than four or four-six prose.The language is exquisite,and narratives harmonious,with a less focus on rhythm.This is the most popular style of parallel prose in the late Qing Dynasty,which also deconstructed the neat four-six prose in the early Qing Dynasty.Understanding the process and impact of Li Zhaoluo’s reconstruction of parallel prose has invaluable significance for today’s parallel prose research.