实践理性视域下教师教学能力发展:价值、向度与策略

The Development of Teachers’ Teaching Capacity from the Perspective of Practical Rationality: Value, Dimension and Strategy

回归实践理性重新审视教师教学能力发展是新时代发展教师教学能力的重要议题。实践理性视域下教师教学能力发展的价值意蕴表现为从唯工具理性取向到工具理性的合理化应用指导、从过度理性主义到"知识与境遇相融"的合理理性、从育人"单向度"到"育人育己"双向度的能力结构转变。在实践理性立场下,教师教学能力指向实践智慧生成的目标引领、教学方法创新的情感驱动以及教学能力提升的实践转化等维度。基于学生发展的差异化教学,植根于教学情境的知识建构,依托于实践反思的教学智慧,基于学习共同体的师生学术对话以及着眼于整体发展的生命关切是基于实践理性的教师教学能力发展的有效策略。

It is a vital issue to reexamine the development of teachers’teaching capacity in the new era by returning to practical rationality.From the perspective of practical rationality,the value connotation of teachers’teaching capactiy development is manifested in the transformation of ability structure from instrumental-oriented rationality to rational application of instrumental rationality,from excessive rationality to reasonable rationality of“knowledge and situation integration”,and from one-way to two-way education.From the standpoint of practical rationality,teachers’teaching capacity points to the goal of practical wisdom generation,the emotional drive of teaching method innovation and the practice transformation of teaching capacity improvement.Therefore,the effective strategies for teachers’teaching capacity development include differentiated teaching of students’development,knowledge construction rooted in teaching situation,teaching wisdom supported by practical reflection,academic dialogues between teachers and students based on learning community and life concern focusing on students’overall development.